The World Market for Peppercorns: A 2016 Global Trade Perspective

This report was created for strategic planners, international executives and import/export managers who are concerned with the market for peppercorns. With the globalization of this market, managers can no longer be contented with a local view. Nor can managers be contented with out-of-date statistics that appear several years after the fact. I have developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic and trade models, to estimate the market for peppercorns for those countries serving the world market via exports or supplying from various countries via imports. I do so for the current year based on a variety of key historical indicators and econometric models. On the demand side, exporters and strategic planners approaching the world market face a number of questions. Which countries are supplying peppercorns? What is the dollar value of these imports? How much do the imports of peppercorns vary from one country to another? Do exporters serving the world market have similar market shares across the importing countries? Which countries supply the most exports of peppercorns? Which countries are buying their exports? What is the value of these exports and which countries are the largest buyers?

1 METHODOLOGY 9 1.1 Our Approach 9 2 THE WORLD MARKET 12 2.1 Exports 12 2.1.1 The World Market: Peppercorns Export Supplies in 2016 12 2.2 Imports 14 2.2.1 The World Market: Imported Peppercorns in 2016 14 3 EXPORTS 18 3.1 Africa: Export Supplies of Peppercorns 18 3.1.1 Executive Summary 18 3.1.2 Cameroon 21 3.1.3 Egypt 22 3.1.4 Eritrea 22 3.1.5 Ethiopia 22 3.1.6 Kenya 22 3.1.7 Madagascar 23 3.1.8 Malawi 23 3.1.9 Mauritius 24 3.1.10 Morocco 24 3.1.11 Nigeria 24 3.1.12 South Africa 25 3.1.13 Uganda 25 3.1.14 Zimbabwe 25 3.2 Asia: Export Supplies of Peppercorns 26 3.2.1 Executive Summary 26 3.2.2 Cambodia 29 3.2.3 China 30 3.2.4 Hong Kong 31 3.2.5 India 32 3.2.6 Indonesia 33 3.2.7 Japan 34 3.2.8 Malaysia 35 3.2.9 Singapore 36 3.2.10 South Korea 36 3.2.11 Sri Lanka 37 3.2.12 Thailand 38 3.2.13 Vietnam 39 3.3 Europe: Export Supplies of Peppercorns 40 3.3.1 Executive Summary 40 3.3.2 Austria 44 3.3.3 Belgium 44 3.3.4 Bulgaria 45 3.3.5 Croatia 45 3.3.6 Czech Republic 45 3.3.7 Denmark 45 3.3.8 Estonia 46 3.3.9 France 46 3.3.10 Germany 47 3.3.11 Greece 48 3.3.12 Iceland 48 3.3.13 Italy 49 3.3.14 Latvia 49 3.3.15 Lithuania 50 3.3.16 Macedonia 50 3.3.17 Poland 50 3.3.18 Portugal 51 3.3.19 Russia 51 3.3.20 Slovakia 51 3.3.21 Slovenia 51 3.3.22 Spain 52 3.3.23 Sweden 52 3.3.24 the Netherlands 53 3.4 Latin America: Export Supplies of Peppercorns 53 3.4.1 Executive Summary 53 3.4.2 Brazil 57 3.4.3 Ecuador 58 3.4.4 Guatemala 58 3.4.5 Guyana 58 3.4.6 Honduras 59 3.4.7 Mexico 59 3.5 North America & the Caribbean: Export Supplies of Peppercorns 59 3.5.1 Executive Summary 59 3.5.2 Canada 62 3.5.3 Dominican Republic 63 3.5.4 the United States 63 3.6 Oceana: Export Supplies of Peppercorns 64 3.6.1 Executive Summary 64 3.6.2 Australia 65 3.7 the Middle East: Export Supplies of Peppercorns 66 3.7.1 Executive Summary 66 3.7.2 Israel 68 3.7.3 Turkey 69 4 IMPORTS 70 4.1 Africa: Peppercorns Imports in 2016 70 4.1.1 Executive Summary 70 4.1.2 Algeria 73 4.1.3 Botswana 74 4.1.4 Cameroon 74 4.1.5 Cote d'Ivoire 74 4.1.6 Egypt 75 4.1.7 Ethiopia 75 4.1.8 Mali 76 4.1.9 Mauritius 76 4.1.10 Morocco 76 4.1.11 Namibia 77 4.1.12 Nigeria 77 4.1.13 Senegal 77 4.1.14 South Africa 78 4.1.15 Sudan 78 4.1.16 Zimbabwe 79 4.2 Asia: Peppercorns Imports in 2016 79 4.2.1 Executive Summary 79 4.2.2 Brunei 82 4.2.3 Cambodia 83 4.2.4 China 83 4.2.5 Hong Kong 84 4.2.6 India 84 4.2.7 Indonesia 85 4.2.8 Japan 85 4.2.9 Malaysia 86 4.2.10 Maldives 86 4.2.11 Philippines 87 4.2.12 Singapore 87 4.2.13 South Korea 88 4.2.14 Taiwan 88 4.2.15 Thailand 89 4.2.16 Vietnam 89 4.3 Europe: Peppercorns Imports in 2016 89 4.3.1 Executive Summary 89 4.3.2 Albania 93 4.3.3 Austria 94 4.3.4 Belarus 94 4.3.5 Belgium 95 4.3.6 Bosnia and Herzegovina 95 4.3.7 Bulgaria 96 4.3.8 Croatia 96 4.3.9 Cyprus 97 4.3.10 Czech Republic 97 4.3.11 Denmark 98 4.3.12 Estonia 98 4.3.13 Finland 99 4.3.14 France 100 4.3.15 Georgia 100 4.3.16 Germany 101 4.3.17 Greece 102 4.3.18 Hungary 102 4.3.19 Iceland 103 4.3.20 Ireland 103 4.3.21 Italy 104 4.3.22 Kazakhstan 104 4.3.23 Latvia 105 4.3.24 Lithuania 105 4.3.25 Luxembourg 106 4.3.26 Macedonia 106 4.3.27 Malta 106 4.3.28 Moldova 107 4.3.29 Norway 107 4.3.30 Poland 108 4.3.31 Portugal 108 4.3.32 Romania 109 4.3.33 Russia 109 4.3.34 Slovakia 110 4.3.35 Slovenia 110 4.3.36 Spain 111 4.3.37 Sweden 111 4.3.38 the Netherlands 112 4.3.39 Ukraine 112 4.4 Latin America: Peppercorns Imports in 2016 113 4.4.1 Executive Summary 113 4.4.2 Argentina 117 4.4.3 Bolivia 117 4.4.4 Brazil 117 4.4.5 Chile 118 4.4.6 Colombia 118 4.4.7 Costa Rica 119 4.4.8 Ecuador 119 4.4.9 El Salvador 119 4.4.10 Guatemala 120 4.4.11 Guyana 120 4.4.12 Honduras 120 4.4.13 Mexico 121 4.4.14 Paraguay 121 4.4.15 Peru 121 4.4.16 Uruguay 122 4.5 North America & the Caribbean: Peppercorns Imports in 2016 122 4.5.1 Executive Summary 122 4.5.2 Aruba 125 4.5.3 Barbados 126 4.5.4 Canada 126 4.5.5 Dominican Republic 127 4.5.6 Jamaica 127 4.5.7 the Bahamas 128 4.5.8 the United States 128 4.6 Oceana: Peppercorns Imports in 2016 129 4.6.1 Executive Summary 129 4.6.2 Australia 133 4.6.3 New Zealand 133 4.7 the Middle East: Peppercorns Imports in 2016 134 4.7.1 Executive Summary 134 4.7.2 Armenia 137 4.7.3 Israel 138 4.7.4 Jordan 138 4.7.5 Lebanon 139 4.7.6 Oman 139 4.7.7 Pakistan 140 4.7.8 Turkey 140 4.7.9 Yemen 141 5 DISCLAIMERS, WARRANTEES, AND USER AGREEMENT PROVISIONS 142 5.1 Disclaimers & Safe Harbor 142 5.2 ICON Group International, Inc. User Agreement Provisions 143